Solar underperformance usually traces to a short list: soiling (dust, salt spray, volcanic haze), new shading (vegetation growth, new construction), inverter or optimizer faults, string outages nobody noticed, degradation beyond warranty curves, or an original production estimate that was never realistic.
In Hawaiʻi, salt aerosol near the coast and vog on Hawaiʻi Island add cleaning and corrosion factors that mainland rules of thumb miss. Monitoring gaps are common too — a system can lose a string for months before anyone looks.
Diagnosis starts with data: comparing actual production against irradiance-adjusted expectations, then drilling into inverter and string-level behavior before anyone climbs on a roof. Our team manages approximately 730 kW of government harbor solar and interprets hundreds of thousands of kilowatt-hours of annual production data — the workflow is the same at any scale.
If your system is underperforming, gather the last 12 months of production data and any monitoring portal access before the assessment; it typically shortens the diagnosis considerably.
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This article is general information, not engineering, legal, or safety advice for any specific project. Site-specific conclusions require assessment by qualified — and where required, licensed — professionals.